一 | Lavrov expressed gratitude to Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko for the invitation, which confirms the "special nature of our [Russia-Belarus] relations, our alliance and strategic partnership.","During a lengthy conversation today, we discussed in detail the global situation. The problems that international relations and efforts to preserve international law face due to the selfish position and policy of the West, which is trying to impose its dictatorship on everyone, issuing ultimatums and not shunning any methods of subjugation," Lavrov said.,The diplomat noted that it is important now to uphold principles of the United Nations Charter.,"The future of the world order is really at stake, and we will return to the roots and in practice we will uphold the principles of the UN Charter, first and foremost principle of the sovereign equality of States. Otherwise, the world will be plunged into long-term chaos. Our choice is clear. We stand for unconditional respect of international law and we will defend this position together with our Belarusian and other allies," Lavrov added.,Genuine Multipolar Order Backed by BRICS Allows Greater Levels of Dialogue, Ex-Envoy Says24 June, 14:09 GMT,The Russia's top diplomat also said that the European Union is suffering from sanctions imposed by the United States against Russia much more than Washington itself, which means that the US probably wants to weaken the bloc as its competitor as well.,"If you compare the sanctions imposed by EU countries against Russia and Belarus, and, on the other hand, [the sanctions] imposed by the United States, then [you'll see that] the US, in general, are sparing themselves and trying not to be very active in these areas that can harm their economy," Lavrov emphasized.,The Russian foreign minister added that the US was being negatively affected by its own sanctions, but the EU was suffering from them much more. Therefore, the sanctions promoted by Washington might seek to weaken not only Russia and Belarus, but the EU as a competitor as well, Lavrov said.,Frustration Growing Among US Allies as Russia Sanctions Backfire, Reports Say25 June, 12:51 GMT,Moscow, Minsk Continue to Insist on Having Their Interests Respected Amid NATO Expansion,Russia and Belarus will keep insisting on having their security interests respected as NATO continues its expansion eastwards, Lavrov noted.,"Foreign policy and security issues were discussed at length during the presidents' meeting in St. Petersburg. It was underscored that Russia and Belarus will insist that their legitimate interests in the sphere of security during the age when NATO continues to act aggressively, that our legitimate interests be respected. We are always in favor of dialogue, we are always in favor of solutions that ensure equality, that ensure a balance of interests," Lavrov told journalists after a meeting with Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko.,The minister recalled several decisions made in the 1990s and 2010 on non-strengthening of countries' security at the expense of the security of others, and Moscow has since been insisting that these commitments be implemented. However, Lavrov noted, NATO has expanded five times while saying "the alliance is defensive, do not be afraid.",The Warsaw Pact — a collective defense treaty, signed between the Soviet Union and some countries of eastern Europe to counterweight NATO — no longer exists, the minister said, adding that further NATO enlargement eastward to establish a new line of defenses was "completely absurd.","For all these years, Russia has been trying to persuade the alliance to honor its commitments, not to strengthen its security at the expense of the security of others, not to expand eastward. But they have been pumping weapons into Ukraine and indulging neo-Nazi manifestations in every way, the theory and practice of neo-Nazism that has been taking root in Ukraine, had supported the coup d'état [in Ukraine] and the undermining of the Minsk agreements," Lavrov said.,On Tuesday, Turkey, Sweden, and Finland signed a security memorandum, after Ankara withdrew its objections to the two nations' entry into the alliance. On Wednesday, the two countries were officially invited to join NATO on the sidelines of the 2022 NATO Summit in Madrid.,NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said earlier on Thursday that the protocol on Finland and Sweden's accession to NATO will be signed on July 5.,Putin: If NATO Infrastructure is Deployed to Finland & Sweden, Russia Will Respond in ‘Mirror Way’01:02 GMT,Russia will analyze decisions made at the NATO summit in Madrid and will act accordingly, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov highlighted.,"We will analyze the situation and make a decision depending on how exactly, what the adopted and announced decisions of the North Atlantic Alliance will be embodied in," Lavrov said.,US Activity Regarding Biolabs in Europe Dangerous,Lavrov also noted that Moscow and Minsk consider US actions regarding biological laboratories in Europe as a threat.,"The actions of the United States in the field of bio laboratories in Europe are a danger to the whole world," Lavrov said at a press conference in Belarus.,Russia and Belarus see that the US does not want to ensure transparency of its biological activity, Lavrov added.,Plague and Typhus: What Have American Scientists Been Up to in Ukraine’s Biolabs?17 April, 18:23 GMT,The Russian foreign minister is on a working visit to Minsk that coincides with the 30th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Russia and Belarus. Earlier in the day, Lavrov had a meeting with Lukashenko.。 如今，从航空航天到深海装备，对高性能钢的需求越来越迫切。唐山的一间钢铁实验室正尝试用一种新思路来补上这块短板。总台央视记者 宋文瑾：一把钢做的锤子和每天都需要承载成千上万吨列车来回碾压的特种钢材，二者同样是钢，差别怎么这么大？其实是因为它们的成分和制作工艺的不同。从生活中常见的自行车、汽车到深海装备、航空航天等等都需要用到特种钢材。最常用的制作方法是往钢里添加大量的合金元素，但其中有不少合金元素都需依赖国外进口，且价格昂贵。一个实验室提出了一种新路径，不需要往里面添加大量的合金元素也能造出高性能的钢铁。这台透射电镜能把样本放大到上百万倍。研究人员盯着的正是这些原子的“队形”。钢之所以硬和韧，秘密都藏在这里。哪怕只是挪动几个原子的位置，钢的性能都可能大不一样。总台央视记者 宋文瑾：在钢的原子世界里，理想状态下原子的排列应该是规整的，但是在热加工过程中可能会出现碳化物。
二 | 碳化物虽然会让钢的耐磨性提升，但是也会让钢变脆，还会因为受力产生片状的结构，叫孪晶，它属于钢的一种缺陷。但是现在科研人员通过提升工艺可以定制这些缺陷，比如让孪晶把碳化物包裹起来，相当于给它穿上了一层防护铠甲，让钢变得既耐磨又有韧性。把原本的缺陷变成了提升钢铁性能的帮手，这个叫作力学冶金技术，科研人员把这个称为化瑕为玉。
三 | 这样的微观变化究竟是怎么实现的呢？热模拟实验机像一位“原子级的指挥官”，能精准控制温度、压力、反应时间等因素来调节原子排布。研究人员会通过智能分析模型找出最理想的“排兵布阵”方案。力学冶金技术造出的钢铁，它的性能究竟如何？还得靠实验数据说话。
四 | 燕赵钢铁实验室执行主任 杨志南：常规处理后材料很快就断裂了，而3GPa的钢铁材料它承受了很长的拉伸应变，断裂应变达到了将近11%，抗拉强度达到了3050兆帕。比如，一个1平方厘米面积大小的钢片能够承受住30吨的重物。过去想要让钢又强又韧，得往钢里添加总量超过30%合金，算下来一吨的成本往往要几万元起步，而力学冶金技术通过精准调控微观缺陷，把合金元素的总用量压到约5%。燕赵钢铁实验室执行主任 杨志南：我们通过中试平台把实验室里的技术放大，在放大过程中还会出现一系列的问题，在这里把问题解决掉，最终能够为技术走到实际产线中奠定基础。
五 | 截至目前，燕赵钢铁实验室已经有40多项绿色化、智能化、高端化的科研成果走出实验室，在河钢、首钢、敬业、冀南等钢铁企业落地应用，一块块“实验室里的钢”正逐渐变成生产线上的钢、大国重器里的钢。好钢用在刀刃上从大海深处到雪域高原，那些最吃劲的工程正是高性能钢真正的试金石。接下来跟随记者走出实验室，看力学冶金技术如何在工程现场接受考验。总台央视记者 宋文瑾：我的身旁是一大片海上风电场。风电机的塔筒足有20多层楼高，是钢制的；坐落于海床上的导管架有近50米，也是钢制的。由于海上的风很大，而且它们常年泡在海水里，这就对于钢的性能提出了很大的要求。华北理工大学冶金学院教授 敬业集团特聘专家 张朋：风电钢主要讲究它的综合力学性能，主要包括强度、韧性，在风中来回摇摆不会产生脆断；还有耐腐蚀性，不会在海水里快速地发生腐蚀，能够进一步提升寿命。研究人员给记者算了一笔账，一台海上风电机要用钢数百吨，换上力学冶金技术生产的高性能钢，钢板可以做得更薄，合金用量也大幅减少。一台机组省下来的成本少则几万元，多则十几万。放眼全国已经建成的数百座海上风电场，这笔账加起来相当可观。
六 | 而钢的考验不仅在海上，高原铁路上的钢还要面对另一番挑战。高原环境紫外线强、昼夜温差大、地壳运动活跃、养护维修不便，一系列因素都给钢提出了很高的要求。通过力学冶金技术，研究人员做出了一种高性能铁路钢，专门应对高原这种“千锤百炼”的服役环境。中国工程院院士 燕赵钢铁实验室教授 张福成：利用我们的技术制造的辙叉服役寿命比普通辙叉提高了三倍，是原来辙叉寿命的四倍。
七 | 变废为宝 以技术书写未来工业绿色答卷更强的钢、更大的工程背后还藏着一道更难的题——如何能变得更绿色、更环保。
八 | 钢铁与有色冶金每年产生数以亿吨计的工业固废，长期堆存难以消纳，是世界级的环保难题。能不能把这些“废料”重新变成资源？总台央视记者 宋文瑾：这些红彤彤的粉末别看颜色漂亮，它的处理可是世界级的难题。它的名字叫赤泥，是生产氧化铝的副产物，每生产一吨氧化铝就会产生1.5吨左右的赤泥。它具有很强的污染性、强碱性，而且有很多重金属元素，目前全球堆放了50亿吨赤泥，而中国堆放了超16亿吨。其实单论赤泥的成分，里面含有很多高价值的金属元素，比如炼钢必备的铁，但是拿磁铁却什么也吸不上来。这是因为里面各项金属元素成分非常难以分离。
九 | 但实验室取得了新突破，通过一个设备就能让它变废为宝。燕赵钢铁实验室熔盐固态电解技术负责人 梁精龙：它主要是把工业固废赤泥通过通电打破里面的结构。赤泥里边最主要的成分是三价铁，可以通过电解的形式让它转化成四氧化三铁。它的磁性很强，之后可以通过磁选的形式把磁铁矿分出来，直接用到钢铁领域。电解反应让赤泥里的铁被“改造”成强磁性物质，更容易被分离回收，铝、钛、钴、钪这些金属也会在溶液或渣中富集回收。一捧工业固废进到实验室出来的就是铁、铝、钛等这些有价值的资源产品。
十 | 如今，这套技术已经在中试平台完成了更大规模的试验。燕赵钢铁实验室熔盐固态电解技术负责人 梁精龙：它已经可以达到300公斤，应该是世界上最大的。
十一 | 我们大体估算过，大概一吨赤泥可以产0.4吨的铁矿石铁矿粉，还可以产100公斤的氧化铝，最后渣子含钛能够达到25%到30%。研究人员告诉记者，整个反应能耗低，不烧煤、不排二氧化碳，还大大降低了赤泥的碱度，达到对水土完全无害的水平。
十二 | 对积存了超16亿吨赤泥的中国来说，这意味着堆了半个多世纪的“红色大山”不再只是环境的负担，而是一座待开采的“矿山”。与此同时，实验室对钢铁的探索还在继续，让钢回归本“素”：少加合金、少掺杂质、少排碳，给整个钢铁行业找一条更轻、更净、更绿的路。
十三 | 中国工程院院士 燕赵钢铁实验室教授 张福成：新时代钢铁的发展方向就是低碳、绿色、智能和高质量。
十四 | 我们提出了钢铁素化科学与技术，实现的性能达到了目前整个钢铁领域追求的强度的极限。面向国家的重大战略、重大工程，高原铁路、风电钢还有汽车钢都实现了规模化的生产，使钢铁的成本得到了降低，性能同时也得到了提升。在这里，缺陷可以化瑕为玉，废料可以变废为宝，传统产业也能长出“新质生产力”。钢铁素化科学与技术——这是新时代钢铁的方向，也是燕赵钢铁实验室交给未来的一份答卷。（总台央视记者 朱江 张伟 宋文瑾 王刚 李天雷）。
Current article:http://y6okp.ningshunsaotuiqiao.shop/news/20260826_61340.html
Published on:14:16:03
